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Terms in this set (20)
election
a collective decision-making process in which citizens choose an individual to hold and exercise the powers of public office.elections are the primary mechanism that representative democracies use to achieve popular sovereignty
nomination
the process through which political parties winnow down a field of candidates to a single one who will be the party's standard-bearer in the general election
general election
the process by which voters choose their representatives from among the parties' nominees
legislative caucus
a method of selecting political party candidates that calls for party members in the state legislature to select candidates for statewide office and party members in the House of Representatives to select a party's candidates for president and vice president
national party convention
a nomination method in which delegates selected from each state attend a national party meeting to choose the party's candidates for president and vice president
closed primaries
elections to choose a party's nominees for the general election that are open only to party members
open primaries
elections to select a party's candidate for the general election that are open to independents and, in some cases, to member of other parties
caucus method
a method of selecting the delegates to a political party's national convention by permitting the state conventions to select representatives from their states
state presidential primary
a method of selecting delegates to a political party's national convention in which the voters directly elect delegates
frontloading
the tendency of states to move their primaries earlier in the season in order to gain more influence over the presidential selection process
magic number
the number of delegates needed at a political party's national convention for a candidate to be nominated as the party's candidate for the presidency; this number equals 50 percent plus one of all delegates at the convention
invisible primary
the period of time between the election of one president and the first contest to nominate candidates to run in the general election to select the next president
super tuesday
the day in early March when several states hold their primaries. These states choose a significant portion of delegates to the national convention
unit rule
a rule that permitted a majority of a state's delegation to a political party's national convention to require that the entire state delegation vote the same way (or as in a unit)
electoral college
the institution (whose members are selected by whatever means the state legislature chooses) that is responsible for selecting the president of the United States
proportional plan
a plan to revise the electoral college such that the number of electoral college votes given to candidates would be based on the proportion of the popular vote they obtained
district plan
a plan to revise the electoral college that would distribute a state's electoral college votes by giving one vote to the candidate who wins a plurality in each House district and two votes to the winner statewide
direct popular election plan
a proposal to abolish the electoral college and elect the president directly by national popular vote
swing states
states in which the outcome of a presidential race is unclear, and both candidates have a realistic chance of winning
runoff primary
a second primary election held between the top two candidates if no candidate received a majority of the votes in the first primary
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The two most important factors in determining if someone will vote
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Since 1970s-era reforms, the public has become more involved in the party nomination process.
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