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What are Lysosomes? A lysosome is a membrane-bound organelle that can be found in many animal cells. These are spherical vesicles containing hydrolytic enzymes that can break down many biomolecule kinds. A lysosome contains a specific composition, of both its lumenal proteins and its membrane proteins. The lumen's pH (~4.5 to 5.0) is optimal for the enzymes that are involved in hydrolysis and analogous to the activity of the stomach. Besides, the degradation of polymers, the lysosome is involved in different cellular processes, including plasma membrane repair, secretion, apoptosis, energy metabolism, and cell signaling. Lysosomes act as the cell's waste disposal system by digesting the obsolete or un-used cytoplasm materials, both from outside and inside the cell. Material from outside of the cell is taken-up via endocytosis, while material from the inside of the cell is digested through autophagy. The organelles sizes vary greatly; the larger ones can be more than ten times the size of the smaller ones. They were discovered and named by a Belgian biologist, Christian de Duve, who eventually received the Nobel Prize in 1974, in Physiology or Medicine. Lysosomes are membrane-bound vesicles that arise from the Golgi apparatus. 1. Which of the Following are Not the Hydrolytic Enzymes of the Lysosome?
Answer: (d) Explanation Lysosomes have 40 types of hydrolytic enzymes, which include sulphatases, phosphatases, lipases, glycosidases, and more. These enzymes optimally work in the acidic environment, and also the lysosome provides an acidic environment for these enzymes. 2. Which of the Following Organelle Controls the Intracellular Digestion of Macromolecules Taking the Help of Hydrolytic Enzymes?
Answer: (c) Explanation Lysosomes are the membrane-bound compartments filled with hydrolytic enzymes that control intracellular digestion in the macromolecules. It contains about 40 types of various hydrolytic enzymes. 3. Digestion of Cell’s Own Component is Referred to as __________?
Answer: (a) Explanation Autophagy is the self-digestion process; autophagic vacuoles contain the own components of cells, called the autophagosome, further which fuse to the lysosome where the digestion of components takes place. 4. The Melanosomes Release from Melanocytes is Mediated by the Process. Identify Such a Process from the Options Given Below?
Answer: (c) Explanation In the stress conditions, the cell releases undigested content by exocytosis of lysosomes. But it is a very small pathway. Melanocyte in skin stores its pigment in the lysosomes, which release it into the extracellular epidermis space. 5. What is an Amphisome?
Answer: (b) Explanation Amphisome is produced when the autophagosome is fused with the endosomes. This amphisome is further fused with lysosome for digestion purposes. It will result in the release of macromolecules into the cytosol. 6. Identify the Following True Statement Considering the Acidic pH of Lysosomes?
Answer: (b) 7. Why are Lysosomes Considered as the “Garbage Trucks” of Cells?
Answer: (c) 8. How Do the Lysosomes Originate?
Answer: (a) 9. Which of the Following Biomolecules are the Lysosome Components?
Answer: (c) 10. Identify the Techniques Used in the Isolation of Liposomal Fractions from the Following?
Answer: (b) 11. Which of the Below Given Organelle is Known as the Dense Perinuclear Bodies?
Answer: (a) 12. Lysosomes are Involved in ______?
Answer: (d) 13. Identify the Following Ones that Pump Excess Water Out of the Cell?
Answer: (a) 14. Identify the Single Membrane from the Given List Which Surrounded the Vacuoles?
Answer: (c) 15. Identify the Enzymes that are Used as a Marker for the Lysosomes from the List Given Below?
Answer: (b) 16. From the Given List, Which of the Following Organelle is Referred to as “Suicidal Bags” of the Cell?
Answer: (b) 17. Lysosomes are Absent in Which of the Following Cells?
Answer: (b) 18. Identify the Below Biomolecules as the Components of Lysosomes?
Answer: (b) Want to read offline? download full PDF here Download full PDF Is this page helpful? Recently Updated Pages Recently Updated Pages What contains enzymes for intracellular digestion?Lysosomes are membrane-enclosed organelles that contain an array of enzymes capable of breaking down all types of biological polymers—proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids.
What organelle is responsible for intracellular digestion of macromolecules?Lysosomes are membrane-enclosed acidic organelles typical of eukaryotic cells and are responsible for the intracellular digestion and degradation of a multitude of biomolecules such as proteins, lipids and nucleic acids (Schröder, Wrocklage, Hasilik, & Saftig, 2010).
Which cell organ contains hydrolytic enzymes?Lysosomes contain a wide variety of hydrolytic enzymes (acid hydrolases) that break down macromolecules such as nucleic acids, proteins, and polysaccharides.
What is intracellular digestion in lysosomes?Intracellular digestion is the breakdown of complex food to simple form inside the cellular cytoplasm. The materials or food particles are taken into the cell to be digested. Lysosomes and food vacuoles are responsible for this process.
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