What is the primary difference between fermentation and anaerobic respiration?

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) is the chemical form of energy . There are many different mechanisms that can convert the original energy source into ATP. The most efficient way is through aerobic respiration, which requires oxygen. This method will give the most ATP per input energy source. However, if no oxygen is available, the organism must still convert the energy using other means. Processes that happen without oxygen are called anaerobic. Fermentation is a common way for living things to continue making ATP without oxygen.

UNDERSTANDING FERMANTATION
Aerobic respiration begins with a process called glycolysis. In glycolysis, a carbohydrate (such as glucose) gets broken down and, after losing some electrons, forms a molecule called pyruvate. If there is a sufficient supply of oxygen, or sometimes other types of electron acceptors, the pyruvate then goes on to the next part of aerobic respiration. The process of glycolysis will make a net gain of 2 ATP.

Fermentation is essentially the same process. The carbohydrate gets broken down, but instead of making pyruvate, the final product is a different molecule depending on the type of fermentation. (due to lack of oxygen) In Humans Instead of pyruvate, lactic acid is formed. Long distance runners are familiar with lactic acid. It can build up in the muscles and cause cramping.. Since fermentation does not use the electron transport chain, it is not considered a type of respiration.

UNDERSTANDING ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION
Anaerobic respiration begins the same way as aerobic respiration and fermentation. The first step is still glycolysis and it still creates 2 ATP from one carbohydrate molecule. However, instead of just ending with the product of glycolysis it will create pyruvate and then continue on the same path as aerobic respiration.

After making a molecule called acetyl coenzyme A, it continues on into the citric acid cycle. More electron carriers are made and then everything ends up at the electron transport chain. The electron carriers deposit the electrons at the beginning of the chain and then, through a process called chemiosmosis, . If the final electron acceptor is oxygen, the process is considered aerobic respiration. and like many types of bacteria and other microorganisms, can use different final electron acceptors. That is called anaerobic respiration.

EVOLUTION
Scientists believe that fermentation and anaerobic respiration are more ancient processes than aerobic respiration. Lack of oxygen in the early Earth's atmosphere made aerobic respiration impossible at first.

Video Transcript

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Answer

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Hint: The type of respiration where energy is generated by the breakdown of the sugar molecules in the absence of oxygen is called anaerobic respiration.
The metabolic process that extracts energy from the carbohydrates by the action of enzymes in the absence of oxygen is called fermentation.

Complete answer:
The differences between fermentation and anaerobic respiration are-

Note: Fermentation and anaerobic respiration are evolutionary old processes as the earlier conditions on the atmosphere were anaerobic. Aerobic respiration evolved after the emergence of oxygen in the atmosphere. It is performed by higher organisms and is more energy-efficient.
Fermentation can also occur in the human cells in the absence of oxygen during fatigue. The end product in this process is lactic acid.

What is the difference between fermentation and anaerobic respiration?

What is the primary difference between fermentation and anaerobic?

What is the difference between fermentation and respiration?

What is the primary difference between glycolytic anaerobic respiration and fermentation?