Community oriented care
Community-oriented nurses emphasize health protection, maintenance, and promotion and disease prevention, as well as self-reliance among clients. Regardless of whether the client is a person, a family, or a group, the goal is to promote health through education about prevailing health problems, proper nutrition, beneficial forms of exercise, and environmental factors such as safe food, water, air, and buildings. Community-based care is nursing care that is provided in a setting. A smoking cessation clinic is an example of primary prevention, not secondary or tertiary.
Collecting, analyzing, and disseminating information
Evaluating the social, economic, and environmental characteristics of the population
Questioning the availability of health services to the community
The core public health function of assessment includes the following:
· Engaging in
activities that involve the collection, analysis, and dissemination of information on both the health and health-relevant aspects of a community or specific population
· Questioning, for example, whether the health services of the community are available to the population and are adequate to address needs
· Monitoring the health status of the community or population and the services provided over time
· Evaluating the social, economic, environmental, and lifestyle characteristics and
practices of a population as well as the health services and capability available within the community to support good health for the population
Which manifestation is associated with a cluster headache?
Hemiparesis
Photophobia
Conjunctivitis
Nuchal rigidity
Conjunctivitis
What is a clinical manifestation of a cluster headache?
Weakness
Lacrimation
Photophobia
Food cravings
Lacrimation
Which factor may trigger cluster headaches?
Stress
Napping
Head trauma
Menstruation
Napping
What is a clinical manifestation of a tension-type headache?
Pallor
Nausea
Vomiting
Phonophobia
Phonophobia
What test is used to diagnose a tension-type headache?
Polysomnography
Electromyography
Computed tomography
Magnetic resonance imaging
Electromyography
What is a clinical manifestation of migraine?
Paralysis
Neck pain
Facial flushing
Pupil constriction
Paralysis
A patient complains of a throbbing headache. When the history is obtained, the nurse discovers that the patient has had this type of headache before and experienced photophobia before the headache occurred. The nurse should know that what is probably the cause of this patient's headache?
Polycythemia vera
A cluster headache
A migraine headache
A hemorrhagic stroke
A migraine headache
The patient with a history of tension headaches complains of head pain. The nurse determines that the patient has normal vital signs and a normal brief neurologic assessment. Which next action by the nurse would be most appropriate?
Call the stroke team.
Obtain a neurologic consult.
Obtain a detailed past medical history.
Anticipate a prescription for a computed axial tomography (CAT; computed tomography [CT]) scan of the head.
Obtain a detailed past medical history.
Which statement regarding cluster headaches is true?
"The pain is unilateral."
"The pain lasts for 4 to 72 hours."
"The pain is associated with nausea."
"The pain may switch to the anterior side."
"The pain is unilateral."
Which rebound headache-causing medication needs dose tapering before withdrawal?
Opioids
Ibuprofen
Butalbital
Sumatriptan
Opioids
A patient with a migraine is advised to take sumatriptan. During data collection, the nurse finds that the patient recently had a stroke. What nursing intervention is appropriate for this patient?
Continue taking sumatriptan
Decrease the dosage of sumatriptan
Increase the dosage of sumatriptan
Replace sumatriptan with another drug
Replace sumatriptan with another drug
Which parameter should the nurse assess while examining a patient with a history of tension-type headaches?
Auscultate lung sounds
Auscultate heart sounds
Auscultate bowel sounds
Auscultate carotid artery sounds
Auscultate carotid artery sounds
Which drug prevents migraine attack if taken daily?
Paroxetine
Topiramate
Ergotamine
Mirtazapine
Topiramate
Which drug can be initiated to treat rebound headaches?
Butalbital
Ibuprofen
Sumatriptan
Amitriptyline
Amitriptyline
Which drug is used as a first line therapy for severe migraines?
Propanolol
Topiramate
Sumatriptan
Amitriptyline
Sumatriptan
Which drug is used as a prophylactic agent in tension-type headache?
Mirtazapine
Zolmitriptan
Dexamethasone
Dihydroergotamine
Mirtazapine
What is an adverse effect of botox injection?
Headache
Knee pain
Chest pain
Stomach ache
headache
Which condition requires immediate treatment with 100% oxygen?
Cluster headache
Multiple sclerosis
Parkinson's disease
Migraine headache
cluster headache
Which statement is true about triptans?
Triptans are most effective if taken during aura.
Triptans are used in patients with thromboembolism.
Triptans are effective in preventing cluster headache.
Triptans are effective in preventing tension-type headache.
Triptans are most effective if taken during aura.
The nurse teaches a patient newly diagnosed with migraine headaches about dietary restrictions aimed at headache prevention. During follow-up visits, the patient reports a recurrence of migraine attacks. Which action by the patient is responsible for this condition?
Eating corn
Eating cheese
Eating soybeans
Eating cucumbers
eating cheese
What part of the central nervous system is involved in migraine headaches?
Cerebrum
Spinal cord
Cerebral cortex
Medulla oblongata
cerebral cortex
How does oxygen inhalation relieve cluster headaches?
By increasing glutamate release
By increasing serotonin synthesis
By decreasing dopamine secretion
By decreasing acetylcholine secretion
By increasing serotonin synthesis
A nurse is interviewing a patient who is seeking relief for frequent headaches. Which description is consistent with symptoms of a migraine headache?
The pain of the headache wakes the patient from sleep.
Extreme tenseness in the area of the neck and shoulders.
The pain throbs and is synchronous with the patient's pulse.
Tears flow from one eye and nasal drainage occurs with the headache.
The pain throbs and is synchronous with the patient's pulse.
What drug would be beneficial to prevent a cluster headache?
Lithium
Eletriptan
Gabapentin
Amitriptyline
lithium
The primary health care provider decides to initiate invasive nerve block therapy. Which underlying condition does the patient have?
Cluster headache
Multiple sclerosis
Myasthenia gravis
Restless leg syndrome
Cluster headache
Which part of the brain is activated at the onset of a cluster headache?
Thalamus
Telencephalon
Diencephalon
Hypothalamus
Hypothalamus
A patient with a history of cluster headaches is planning to travel overseas by air. What advice should the nurse give to this patient to decrease the likelihood of such attacks during air travel?
Do not travel by air.
Avoid eating chocolate while in flight.
Take ergotamine before the flight takes off.
Massage the neck and apply moist hot packs while in flight.
Take ergotamine before the flight takes off.
Which suggestions given by the nurse to a patient with frequent headaches will be beneficial in determining the type of headache? Select all that apply.
"Note the time of the onset of the headache."
"Note where you are when you have a headache."
"Remember the dates when you experience a headache."
"Jot down the dates in a diary when you experience headache."
"List the foods that you have consumed before the onset of headache."
"Note the time of the onset of the headache."
"Jot down the dates in a diary when you experience headache."
"List the foods that you have consumed before the onset of headache."
A patient experiencing a headache describes it as occurring "on the right side with pain around my right eye." The pain is further described as "sharp and penetrating." Based on this information, what type of headache does the nurse suspect the patient is experiencing?
Cluster
Tension
Migraine
Medication overuse
Cluster
A patient was prescribed sumatriptan as treatment for severe migraine headaches. The patient has an appointment six weeks later with the health care provider. Besides asking about the effectiveness of the medication for headache control, what other question is appropriate for the nurse to ask?
Have you noticed any blood in your urine?
Have you experienced any chest discomfort?
Have you had any problems with constipation?
Have you been monitoring your glucose levels?
Have you experienced any chest discomfort?
A patient with migraines asks the nurse about complementary therapies to use alongside her prescription medication. What suggestions should the nurse provide to the patient? Select all that apply.
See a hypnotist to treat your migraines.
Take ginseng to improve mental performance and treat pain.
Practice yoga to possibly enhance the benefits of your prescription medication.
Visit an acupuncturist to treat migraine pain, along with your usual prescription.
Try Feverfew instead of your usual prescription medication to prevent migraine pain.
Practice yoga to possibly enhance the benefits of your prescription medication.
Visit an acupuncturist to treat migraine pain, along with your usual prescription.
A patient complains of pain on one side of the head along with nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light. The primary health care provider prescribes corticosteroids. Which is the possible condition of the patient?
Migraine
Multiple sclerosis
Cluster headache
Parkinson's disease
Migraine
Which complaint made by the patient indicates that the individual may be suffering from a cluster headache?
"The pain is constant."
"The pain is followed by nausea."
"The pain disturbs my sleep at night."
"The pain lasts for longer than eight hours."
"The pain disturbs my sleep at night."
A patient with a history of headaches asks the nurse what cluster headaches are. What response(s) by the nurse are most appropriate? Select all that apply.
Alcohol is the only known dietary trigger for cluster headaches.
At the onset of cluster headaches, imaging studies are always negative.
Cluster headaches have a pulsing type of pain like migraine headaches.
Cluster headaches occur regularly and frequently at the same time each day.
Cluster headaches can occur for weeks to months at a time, followed by remission periods.
Cluster headaches are quite common and occur in about 10 percent of the American population.
Alcohol is the only known dietary trigger for cluster headaches.
Cluster headaches occur regularly and frequently at the same time each day.
Cluster headaches can occur for weeks to months at a time, followed by remission periods.
The primary health care provider finds that a patient on migraine therapy has developed upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Which medication would have resulted in this condition?
Aspirin
Phenytoin
Topiramate
Acetaminophen
Aspirin
A patient with migraines is on topiramate therapy. During a follow-up visit, the nurse finds that the patient has seizures. What action is responsible for this condition?
Consuming red wine
Limiting the fluid intake
Discontinuing topiramate abruptly
Consuming citric acid containing fruits
Discontinuing topiramate abruptly
A patient experiences headaches during the evening. Upon examination, the nurse finds that the patient has cluster headaches. Which medication is beneficial to prevent further attacks?
Fluoxetine
Gabapentin
Amitriptyline
Methysergide
Methysergide
A patient who is on migraine therapy complains to the nurse of a severe headache and vision problems. The nurse observes that the patient's body temperature is 101° F. What action should the nurse perform immediately?
Administer rasagiline
Administer ergotamine tartarate
Inform the primary health care provider
Turn off the lights in the patient's room
Inform the primary health care provider
A patient with a history of angina is diagnosed with migraines. Which medications does the nurse anticipate to be excluded from the patient's prescription? Select all that apply.
Aspirin
Eletriptan
Zolmitriptan
Dexamethasone
Dihydroergotamine
Eletriptan
Zolmitriptan
The primary health care provider diagnoses that a patient has a cluster headache. Which statements made by the patient support the health care provider's diagnosis? Select all that apply.
"My cheeks also ache during the headache."
"My skin appears pale during the headache."
"I feel like my limbs are moving during the headache."
"I don't feel like sitting in one place during the headache."
"I have a strong desire to eat ice cream and chocolates during the headache."
"My cheeks also ache during the headache."
"My skin appears pale during the headache."
"I don't feel like sitting in one place during the headache."
While reviewing the medication charts of four patients, the nurse observes that a patient's prescription is incorrect. Which patient's medication chart supports the nurse's observation?
Patient A- absence seizures- clonazepam
Patient B-MS- Fingolimod
Patient C- Migraine headache- Lamotrigine
Patient D- Parkinsons disease- trihexyphenidyl
Patient C
A patient complains of a severe headache with increased intensity upon exposure to sounds. These headaches are accompanied by neck stiffness. Which medication does the nurse anticipate to be beneficial for the patient?
Acetaminophen
Dexamethasone
Dihydroergotamine
Ergotamine tartarate
Acetaminophen
The nurse finds that a patient has a tension-type headache. Which statement made by the patient supports the nurse's finding?
"My eyes hurt during the headache."
"My nose gets blocked during the headache."
"I feel some pressure on my neck during the headache."
"I can see bright lights before the onset of the headache."
"I feel some pressure on my neck during the headache."
On a follow-up visit, a patient with migraines reveals that she has had fewer headaches. Which actions of the patient would be responsible for this improvement? Select all that apply.
Meditating in the evening
Taking lithium in the morning
Taking sumatriptan once a day
Performing yoga in the morning
Taking muscle relaxants before going to bed
Meditating in the evening
Taking sumatriptan once a day
Performing yoga in the morning
The nurse is teaching a patient about precautions to take while on topiramate therapy during the patient's discharge. The patient is subsequently readmitted with renal stones. What action of the patient is a possible cause for this condition?
Eating yogurt in the afternoon
Eating two boiled eggs every day
Drinking six glasses of water every day
Drinking a glass of lemon juice in every other day
Drinking six glasses of water every day
Which interventions would the nurse include in the care plan of a patient with chronic tension headaches? Select all that apply.
Giving the patient a cup of coffee in the evening
Including foods rich in vitamin A in the patient's diet
Encouraging the patient to perform yoga in the morning
Massaging the patient's shoulders with warm coconut oil
Encouraging the patient to practice deep breathing exercises
Encouraging the patient to perform yoga in the morning
Massaging the patient's shoulders with warm coconut oil
Encouraging the patient to practice deep breathing exercises
While caring for a patient on topiramate therapy, the nurse believes that the patient has developed drug-associated side effects. Which finding in the patient supports the nurse's diagnosis?
Hirsutism
Neck pain
Hypoglycemia
Gingival hyperplasia
Hypoglycemia
The registered nurse is teaching the patient with chronic migraines about botulinum toxin A therapy. Which statement of the patient indicates effective learning?
"I should gargle with salt water in case of throat pain."
"I should avoid drinking water after taking the injection."
"I should use the inhaler in case I have trouble breathing."
"I should reach the health care center in case I have difficulty swallowing."
"I should reach the health care center in case I have difficulty swallowing."
A patient with a cluster headache is connected to equipment that monitors the skin temperature of the patient's fingers. What therapy is the patient undergoing?
Psychotherapy
Biofeedback therapy
Muscle relaxation therapy
Cognitive-behavioral therapy
Biofeedback therapy
A patient complains of swelling around the eye, pain in the gums, and nasal congestion after using a perfume. Which condition does the nurse anticipate in the patient?
Cluster headache
Multiple sclerosis
Parkinson's disease
Migraine headache
Cluster headache
A patient with a history of cluster headaches complains to the nurse that he or she does not have any pain relief even after taking analgesics. Which treatment will be beneficial for the patient?
Lithium therapy
Melatonin therapy
Deep brain stimulation
Vagal nerve stimulation
Deep brain stimulation
When taking the history of a patient with a migraine headache, what features of a migraine headache is the patient likely to report? Select all that apply.
The headache is usually unilateral.
The headache is preceded by an aura.
The headache is sharp and stabbing in nature.
The headache lasts from a few minutes to three hours.
The headache is usually triggered by certain foods, such as chocolate.
The headache is usually unilateral.
The headache is preceded by an aura.
The headache is usually triggered by certain foods, such as chocolate.
A patient asks the nurse what causes migraine headaches. What responses by the nurse are correct? Select all that apply.
These headaches generally last from 4 to 72 hours.
The pain is a continuous, throbbing, and pulsating pain.
Neuroimaging studies are recommended for routine evaluation of headaches.
Migraine headaches just happen and do not have any genetic or familial connection.
Some risk factors of migraines include a low level of education and socioeconomic status.
These headaches generally last from 4 to 72 hours.
The pain is a continuous, throbbing, and pulsating pain.
Some risk factors of migraines include a low level of education and socioeconomic status.
A patient with a history of severe migraines reports a throbbing headache. After further inquiry, the nurse finds that the patient experiences migraines after eating. Which foods may be causing the headache? Select all that apply.
Biscuits
Hot dog
Ice cream
Cucumber
Orange juice
Hot dog
Ice cream
Orange juice
The student nurse is documenting the prophylactic medications of four patients. Which patient's medication record needs correction?
Patient A- Migraine headache- methysergide
Patient B-Cluster headache- Verapimil
Patient C- Tension headache- Gabapentin
Patient D- Cluster- Prednisone
Patient C
A patient with a history of cluster headaches reports fear of recurrence of attack during his flight next week. Which medication would the nurse expect the primary health care provider to prescribe?
Fluoxetine
Divalproex
Ergotamine
Amitriptyline
Ergotamine
A nurse is providing information to a group of nursing students, explaining the difference between a migraine headache and a tension-type headache. What should the nurse include as diagnostic criteria for a migraine headache?
Unilateral pain
Nonthrobbing pain
Movement does not affect its severity
Photophobia or phonophobia but not both
Unilateral pain
The
nurse is reviewing the diagnostic and medication reports of a group of patients. Which patient's prescription requires immediate correction?
Patient A- Migraine headache- Naratriptan
Patient B-Cluster headache- Zolmitriptan
Patient C- Tension headache- Sumatriptin/ Naproxexn
Patient D- Migraine- Acetominophen/caffeine/aspirin
Patient C- Tension headache- Sumatriptin/ Naproxexn
The primary health care provider diagnoses that a patient has a cluster headache. Which statements made by the patient support the health care provider's diagnosis? Select all that apply.
"My cheeks also ache during the headache."
"My skin appears pale during the headache."
"I feel like my limbs are moving during the headache."
"I don't feel like sitting in one place during the headache."
"I have a strong desire to eat ice cream and chocolates during the headache."
"My cheeks also ache during the headache."
"My skin appears pale during the headache."
"I don't feel like sitting in one place during the headache."
A patient complains of a severe headache with increased intensity upon exposure to sounds. These headaches are accompanied by neck stiffness. Which medication does the nurse anticipate to be beneficial for the patient?
Acetaminophen
Dexamethasone
Dihydroergotamine
Ergotamine tartarate
Acetaminophen