2. What process shapes and directs the hair into an S pattern through the use of the fingers, combs, and
finger-waving lotion, and was the rage in the 1920s and 1930s?
a. Finger waving
b. Haircutting
c. Pin curls
d. Permanent waves
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 445
3. What substance, also known as liquid gel, makes the hair pliable enough to keep it in place during the
finger-waving procedure?
a. Elastic lotion
b. Finger-waving lotion
c. Conditioning lotion
d. Firming lotion
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 446
4. _____ curls serve as a basis for patterns, lines, waves, curls, and rolls that are used in a wide range of
hairstyles and can be used on all types of hair, including straight, permanent waved, or naturally curly
hair.
a. Finger
b. Pin
c. Open
d. Closed
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 446
5. The _____ is the stationary (non-moving) foundation of the curl, on the area closest to the scalp
a. stem
b. base
c. circle
d. clip
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 446
6. What section of the pin curl lies between the base and first arc (turn) of the circle that gives the curl its
direction and movement, and determines the amount of mobility or movement in a section of hair?
a. Base
b. Circle
c. Stem
d. Size
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 446
7. What type of curl is placed directly on the base of the curl and produces a tight, firm, long-lasting curl
and allows minimum mobility?
a. Half-stem curl
b. Base curl
c. No-stem curl
d. Full-stem curl
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 447
8. What type of curl is placed completely off base and allows for the greatest mobility?
a. Half-stem curl
b. Base curl
c. No-stem curl
d. Full-stem curl
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 447
9. A _____ is a section of hair that is molded in a circular movement in preparation for the formation of
curls.
a. ribbon
b. base
c. stem
d. shaping
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 447
10. What are the pin curls that produce even, smooth waves and uniform curls?
a. Open-center curls
b. Closed-center curls
c. Convex curls
d. Stationary curls
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 447
11. Which pin curls produce waves that get smaller in size toward the end?
a. Ridge curls
b. Open-center curls
c. Closed-center curls
d. Half-stem curls
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 447
12. The terms _____ curls and _____ curls are used to describe the direction of pin curls.
a. clockwise; counterclockwise
b. square; rectangular
c. open; closed
d. arc base; square
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 448
13. _____ base pin curls are usually recommended at the side front hairline for a smooth, upswept effect.
a. Arc
b. Square
c. Triangular
d. Rectangular
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 448
14. What pin curl base is recommended for use along the front hairline to prevent splits or breaks in the
finished style?
a. Triangular base
b. Square base
c. Oblong base
d. Rectangular base
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 448
15. What is the most commonly shaped pin curl base?
a. Arc base
b. Rectangular base
c. Square base
d. Panel base
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 448
16. Arc base pin curls are also known as half-moon or _____ base curls.
a. no-stem base curls
b. square base curls
c. C-shaped base curls
d. S-shaped base curls
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 448
17. Forcing hair between the thumb and the back of the comb to create tension is called _____.
a. sectioning
b. sculpting
c. bricklayer
d. ribboning
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 449
18. Pin curls sliced from a shaping and formed without lifting the hair from the head are referred to as
_____.
a. ridge curls
b. carved curls
c. alternating curls
d. skip waves
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 449
19. Ridge curls are pin curls placed immediately behind or below a ridge to form a _____.
a. space
b. ribbon
c. wave
d. curl
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 449
20. Two rows of ridge curls on the side of a head are called _____.
a. dual waves
b. carved curls
c. sculptured curls
d. skip waves
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 449
21. Large diameter pin curls that are similar to a roller, but do not have the same amount of tension, are
called _____.
a. straight curls
b. rectangular curls
c. open curls
d. barrel curls
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 450
22. Which pin curls are fastened to the head in a standing position to create height in the hair design?
a. Carved curls
b. Cascade curls
c. Sculptured curls
d. Barrel curls
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 450
23. What is the panel of hair on which the roller is placed?
a. Section
b. Center
c. Base
d. Circle
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 451
24. How is the hair wrapped around the roller to create curls in the hair?
a. With one and a half turns
b. With two and a half turns
c. With one complete turn
d. With two complete turns
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 451
25. Rollers should be placed _____ in a roller set where the least amount of volume is desired.
a. completely off the base
b. completely on the base
c. half off base
d. half on the base
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 452
26. A(n) _____ is the point where curls of opposite direction meet, forming a recessed area.
a. pipe
b. tunnel
c. base
d. indentation
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 452
27. _____ rollers are used only on dry hair because using them on wet hair will snag and pull the hair.
a. Velcro
b. Hot
c. Plastic
d. Small
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 453
28. Backcombing, also known as _____, ratting, matting, or French lacing, involves combing small
sections of hair from the ends toward the scalp, causing shorter hair to mat at the scalp and form a
cushion or base.
a. teasing
b. slicing
c. backbrushing
d. smoothing
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 454
29. Backbrushing, also known as _____, is used to build a soft cushion or to mesh two or more curl
patterns together for a uniform and smooth comb out.
a. backcombing
b. matting
c. teasing
d. ruffing
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 454
30. What styling technique is used to keep curly hair smooth and straight while retaining its shape?
a. Backcombing
b. Interlocking
c. Wrapping
d. Ruffing
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 455
31. What technique of drying and styling damp hair in one operation has revolutionized the hairstyling
world?
a. French lacing
b. Velcro styling
c. Hair wrapping
d. Blowdry styling
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 456
32. What nozzle attachment of a blowdryer directs the air stream to any section of the hair more intensely?
a. Diffuser
b. Concentrator
c. Roller brush
d. Comb
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 457
33. What blowdryer attachment is used to accentuate or keep textural definition by allowing the air to flow
more softly?
a. Concentrator
b. Nozzle
c. Diffuser
d. Leveler
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 457
34. Which brushes are used to blowdry precision haircuts where little or no volume is desired?
a. Classic styling brushes
b. Grooming brushes
c. Vent brushes
d. Round brushes
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 457
35. What are the large, flat brushes with staggered pin patterns that are used for mid- to longer-hair
length?
a. Vent brushes
b. Grooming brushes
c. Classic styling brushes
d. Paddle brushes
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 457
36. Grooming brushes that add polish and shine to the hair have a bristle mixture consisting of _____.
a. boar and nylon
b. nylon and cotton
c. sable and boar
d. boar and rubber
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 457
37. Styling foam, a light, airy, whipped styling product that resembles shaving foam, is also called _____.
a. texturizer
b. straightening gel
c. mousse
d. liquid gel
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 458
38. _____, also known as texturizers, are styling products that are lighter and less viscous than firm-hold
gels, making them ideal to use for easy styling, defining, and molding.
a. Pomade
b. Silicone
c. Foam
d. Liquid gels
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 459
39. _____, also known as serum, adds gloss and sheen to the hair while creating textural definition.
a. Pomade
b. Silicone
c. Hair spray
d. Thermal protecting product
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 459
40. What is the most widely used hairstyling product?
a. Pomade
b. Silicone
c. Hair spray
d. Thermal protector
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 460
41. _____ waving and curling, also known as Marcel waving, are methods of waving and curling straight
or pressed dry hair using thermal irons and special manipulative techniques.
a. Thermal
b. Dry heat
c. Pressed iron
d. Hot roller
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 460
42. _____ irons with straight edges are used to create smooth, straight, styles even on very curly hair.
a. Curling
b. Round
c. Flat
d. Electric
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 461
43. The edge of a flat iron that is nearest to the stylist is called the _____.
a. beveled edge
b. outer edge
c. inner edge
d. flat edge
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 461
44. Combs that are used for thermal curling should be made of _____.
a. plastic
b. nylon blends
c. soft metal
d. hard rubber
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 462
45. The correct temperature setting of the iron for thermal curling is determined by the _____.
a. texture of the hair
b. length of the hair
c. type of iron used
d. size of iron used
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 462
46. As a rule of thumb, coarse and gray hair can withstand more heat than _____.
a. fine hair
b. long hair
c. short hair
d. conditioned hair
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 463
47. What type of curls are suitable for one length hair?
a. Barrel curls
b. Roll curls
c. Spiral curls
d. Flat curls
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 464
48. _____ curls provide maximum lift or volume, since the curl is placed very high on its base.
a. Thermal
b. Volume-base
c. Full-base
d. Half-base
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 465
49. When creating full-base curls, the hair should be held with medium tension at a _____.
a. 45-degree angle
b. 60-degree angle
c. 90-degree angle
d. 125-degree angle
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 465
50. Placed completely off their base, _____ curls offer a curl option with only slight lift and volume.
a. full-volume
b. half-base
c. volume-base
d. off-base
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 465
51. What process involves temporarily straightening extremely curly hair by means of a heated comb?
a. Hair pressing
b. Hair texturizing
c. Hair relaxing
d. Hair treatments
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 467
52. What hair pressing process removes 50 to 60 percent of the curl?
a. Classic press
b. Soft press
c. Hard press
d. Medium press
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 467
53. What hair type is very resistant to hair pressing and requires more heat and pressure?
a. Fine/soft
b. Coarse/brittle
c. Wiry/curly
d. Medium/straight
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 469
54. When the clients scalp is classified as flexible, remember to _____ to press the hair satisfactorily.
a. avoid applying cream
b. use enough tension
c. avoid applying pressure
d. apply low heat
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 469
55. Good-quality pressing combs are constructed of either _____.
a. brass or iron
b. brass or porcelain
c. stainless steel or brass
d. stainless steel or tin
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 469
56. Pressing combs with less space between the teeth produce a _____.
a. coarse press
b. smooth press
c. quick press
d. hard press
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 469
57. It is important to _____ a new brass pressing comb so that it will hold heat evenly along its entire
length and provide consistent results.
a. wash
b. dry
c. temper
d. test
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 469
58. After heating, the temperature of the pressing comb should be tested using _____.
a. light paper
b. a hair section
c. fingers
d. cloth
ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: Page 470
59. Carbon buildup can be removed from the metal portion of a pressing comb by immersing the metal
portion of the comb in a solution containing _____.
a. sodium hydroxide
b. baking soda
c. hydrogen peroxide
d. ammonia water
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 470
60. A _____ is sometimes necessary when the hair becomes curly again due to perspiration, dampness, or
other conditions.
a. soft press
b. chemical press
c. touch-up
d. moderate press
ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: Page 471
61. _____ and skin rashes are the two general types of injuries that can occur in hair pressing.
a. Cuts
b. Scrapes
c. Bruises
d. Burns
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 471
62. Avoid excessive heat, particularly when pressing _____ hair, to avoid discoloration and breakage.
a. fine
b. curly
c. coarse
d. gray
ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: Page 472
63. When executing an updo, inspect the shape from every angle to make sure it is _____.
a. simple and flat
b. well-balanced and proportioned
c. full and unique
d. round and full
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 473
64. What true classic hairdo is created out of a simple ponytail that can be simply styled or dressed up?
a. Pleat
b. Chignon
c. Twist
d. Blowdry
ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: Page 473
65. The twist, also referred to as the French _____, is a classic long hairstyle that is popular in the salon