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When your business activities and processes are combined in the right way, you can create a sustainable competitive advantage (SCA) generating competitive leverage.  Businesses with sustainable competitive advantages often outperform their industry peers with greater growth potential and higher profitability.  Competitive advantages don’t just happen. CEOs must create them. Are you challenged to create a sustainable competitive advantage for your business? First, you need to understand and recognize what makes a sustainable competitive advantage.

Positioning your firm with a well-crafted value proposition is important, but at the core is strategically thinking about exactly how you will compete. Let’s take a closer look at what makes a sustainable competitive advantage. The on-line Business Dictionary defines a sustainable competitive advantage as; “A long-term competitive advantage that is not easily duplicable or surpassable by the competitors.” Sounds great but what does it actually mean? Consider my summary of market positioning (how a firm differentiates itself in the market) and competitive advantages of a few popular firms:

It’s not essential that you agree with this summary. What is important is that you understand that you must decide how your business will compete and create and nurture the necessary capabilities or core competencies to give you an advantage over your competitors. For example, if you chose a low price strategy and lack the resources and skills to achieve scale efficiency and a profitable, lean operation, you will likely fail. If you choose a relationship strategy and lack hiring and training capabilities to develop and manage staff, it will be quite difficult for you to scale and thus limit your potential. 

Building a sustainable competitive advantage is definitely part science and part art and requires a dose of lucky timing. It requires a clear business strategy executed with appropriate resources and a supportive culture to deliver that strategy. Experts agree, to be a “sustainable” competitive advantage, a firms competency and resources must be rare, valuable, durable and inimitable giving a unique signature to the firm and perceived customer value. Resources are not easily imitable (hard for competitors to imitate), acquire or duplicate if they are:

  • Tacit – not easily written or described
  • Socially complex
  • Causally ambiguous – not sure how it produces value.

To get things started

Consider the market leaders in your industry. Make a list of who they are and estimate their market share. Can you identify their positioning and core competencies, their competitive advantage? Describe these advantages.  Can their advantages be easily duplicated? Examine which strengths can be duplicated and which cannot. Do they dominate the entire industry or just certain segments? Diagram the segments and the competitors share for each. Is there a supply gap or something missing that customers want or need? What are competitor’s strengths versus yours?  Assess your strengths internally and externally.  You may want to ask your customers to help you.

Keep in mind, your strategic options will be severely limited if you cannot decide how you want to be perceived in your markets and how you measure up against your competitors.

Competitive advantages can be created.

Mark Norige – Principal, Consultant and Chief Catalyst of The Board Forum®. Mark is a present and former CEO, business leader and lecturer. He writes and consults on leadership and business improvement topics. ©January 2019

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What is the key to sustaining a competitive advantage?

Overall, a sustainable competitive advantage requires value-creating products, processes, and services that cannot be matched by competitors now, and plan content to maintain that position as you scale.

What are the 4 sustainable competitive advantages?

The idea here is that if a firm is to maintain sustainable competitive advantage, it must control a set of exploitable resources that have four critical characteristics. These resources must be (1) valuable, (2) rare, (3) imperfectly imitable (tough to imitate), and (4) nonsubstitutable.