Fire officer examination reviewer pdf 2023

Are you planning on taking the Fire Officer Exam in October 2021? Here are some of the reading materials and reviewers I have compiled for those aspiring to take the Fire Officer Examination. Reviewing as early as possible will give you the edge and confidence to pass the exam. God Bless Future Firefighters.

Fire Officer Examination Reviewer and Reading Materials

FOE Reviewer and Reading materials below. Click the link to download.

• Fire Code of the Philippines
• Fire Technology and Arson Investigation
• Bureau of Fire Protection- Basics
• Definition of Terms
• Fire, Firefighting & Firefighting Equipment / Firefighting Apparatus/Tools/ Equipment
• Fire Fighting Techniques
• Principle of Fire Fighting
• FOE Reviewer 1
• FOE Reviewer 2

Disclaimer: Reading materials and reviewers posted here on the website belong to their respective owners unless stated otherwise. We have no intention to violate copyrights or intellectual ownership.

You can also buy the BFP Reviewer on Shopee and Lazada.

Any materials use here in newstogov are for educational purposes only and for information dissemination.

FIRE TETRAHEDRON For combustion to occur, four components are necessary: - Oxygen (oxidizing agent) - Fuel - Heat - Self-sustained chemical reaction

CLASSES OF FIRE CLASS A

• Fires involving ordinary combustibles such as: wood, paper, cloth, plastics and rubber.
• It can be extinguished with water, water- based agents or foam, and multi- purpose dry chemicals.
• Water is usually used by the fire dept. CLASS B
• Fires involving flammable and combustible liquids, gases and greases such as: gasoline, oils, alcohol, propane and cooking oils.
• Common extinguishing agents are carbon dioxide (CO2), regular and multi- purpose dry chemical and foam.

CLASS C - Fires involving energized electrical equipment, which eliminates the use of water-based agents to put them out. - The recommended method of fighting these fires is to turn-off or disconnect electrical power and then use an appropriate extinguisher depending on the remaining fuel source.

• Extinguishing agents includes carbon dioxide (CO2), regular and multi- purpose dry chemical.

CLASS D - Fires involving combustible metals and alloys such as: magnesium, sodium, lithium, and potassium. - Great case must be used when attempting to extinguish in these types of fuels. - Extinguishing agents for this class of fire are called dry powders and should not be confused with dry chemical.

CLASS E - Fires involving high voltage electrical installation and bulk LPG. - This class of fire needs special fire fighting operation by trained personnel.

CLASS K - Is a new classification of fire as of 1998 and involves fires in combustible cooking fuels such as vegetable or animal oils and fats. - Its fuels are similar to Class B fuels but involves high temperature cooking oils and therefore have special characteristics. - Class K agents are usually wet chemicals.

CLASSIFICATION OF CAUSES OF FIRE

1. ACCIDENTAL

• does not involve deleberate human act to ignite or spread fire into an area where the fire should not be
• NATURAL
  • caused without direct human intervention
• INCENDIARY
  • one deliberately set under circumstances in which the person knows the fire should not be set
• UNDETERMINED
  • cause not be proven, classification undetermined

Pre-Fire Planning

Firefighting Techniques and Procedures

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• PRE- FIRE PLANNING

The objective of the pre fire planning is to fight the fire before it occurs. It involves collecting information and using information to plan ahead of time how fire will be fought if they occurs in various parts of the building.

appeared to a controlled situation into a nightmare.

• RESCUE

No greater service can be given by any fire department than the saving of a human life. When fire or other emergency occurs, it is the duty of the fire department to be equipped to render quick and efficient service. In order to meet this responsibility, firefighters must keep rescue equipment in first-class condition and be thoroughly trained in the proper use and limitations of that equipment.

Rescue Principles, Practices and Equipment

As applied to fire fighting, rescue is the removal of humans from places involved in fire or other disaster. The factor of life saving or <life hazard= decides the first or immediate operating procedure at a fire or other emergency. Rescue is the first consideration to be taken on arrival at a fire. Therefore, each officer and fire fighter should thoroughly understand the principles governing rescue. A careful search should be made when there is any chance of anyone having failed to escape from the involved building. It must be remembered that it only takes a small amount of heated air, smoke or gases to render a person unconscious. In such places of public assembly as schools, churches, hospitals, dormitories, theaters, factories and stores, the actual fire is not the only factor causing a serious rescue problem.

Panic , rather than fire, has been the major cause of death in places of public assembly. A false shout of fire, the discovery of smoke, some incident such as an explosion, collapse of part of the building or any other unexpected event can cause the necessary spark of excitement which can cause panic. The best method of panic prevention is for the assembled people to be trained to perform a well disciplined emergency exit drill. This is the reason that systematic emergency exit drills should be conducted. Where it is not possible or practical to train occupants in emergency exit drills, the only safeguard against panic is for the building to have adequate exits which conform with the standard.

• EXPOSURE Every fire the firefighter encounters present as an exposure hazard. Exposures used in the fire service, means any building or material that is likely to become involve either directly or in directly with existing fire. There are two types of exposure hazard, INTERIOR and EXTERIOR. The study of exposure covers the works that necessary to prevent the extension of fire to the other parts of the involved building or other building or property.

Ways on which heat may be transmitted: 1. DIRECT CONTACT 2. CONDUCTION 3. RADIATION 4. CONVECTION

COVERING EXPOSURES

The covering of exposures as it applies to fire service consists completely surrounding the fire with streams so that the fire will be checked at each possible avenue of extension. A quick survey by an officer or department member usually determines at just what joint efforts to combat the fire have to be exerted. If available, one of the most effective means of covering exposures is by the use of a <deck gun=. It can be placed at such point as to reach either the fire building or the exposed building and, due to easy manipulation of its stream even under high pressure, it can be quickly switched from side to side as necessity demands. Other methods of covering exposures within the building or adjoining building consist of closing doors, trap doors, and other openings by which the fire may communicate from one building to another or from one part of a building to another. It is very necessary to see that all wall openings of adjoining buildings are properly protected by fire doors.

• CONFINEMENT As applied to the first service, confinement is that action which is necessary to contain the fire in the smallest possible area. Modern air-conditioning systems have introduced a new problem in confining fires. Non-standard systems may have ducts lined with combustible material and are not provided with interior automatic fire shutters. Such non-standard systems may spread smoke and flames through the entire building. The officer in charge, upon arrival of the department, should note the direction and velocity of the wind and then determine which is the most likely direction the fire might extend and take immediate action to halt the progress of the fire in that direction. Action must be taken to prevent high tension wires and electrical equipment from catching fire, falling and/or endangering life and property.
• VENTILATION The planned, methodical, and systematic removal of pressure, heat, smoke, gases and in some cases, even flame from an enclosed area through predetermined paths. One way is by quick extinguishment of the fire for the heat generated can be transmitted to expose combustible material, causing the fire to spread. The success attained however, is dependent upon how far the fire progress, the rapidity of the burning, the natural barriers to prevent spread, the ability of the department and available equipment for quick extinguishment.

• EXTINGUISHMENT

One way is by quick extinguishment of the fire for the heat generated can be transmitted to expose combustible material, causing the fire to spread.

Striking Tools - Used to deliver impact to other tools in order to drive it into place Can also be used to deliver impact directly to and break the door or lock to be forced - Sledgehammer - Maul - Ball hammer - Punches - Pick head axe - Flat head axe - Battering ram Prying Tools - Used to spread apart a door from ts jamb, move objects, or expose a locking device - Crow bar - Flat bar - Pry bar - Halligan tool - Claw tool - Pry axe - Hydraulic door opener Pushing/Pulling Tools - Used to open up walls and ceilings, to vent windows, and to pull up roof boards or other building materials - Pike pole - Plastic hook - Clemens hook - Drywall hook - San Francisco hook - Roofman's hook Cutting tools - Used to cut away materials and expose the locking device or cut through a door or wall to accomplish forcible entry - Rotary saw - Ventilation saw - Chain saw - Reciprocating saw - Carpenter's handsaw - Keyhole saw - Hacksaw - Coping saw - Through-the-lock The <K-tool=is designed to pull out lock cylinders and expose the mechanism in order to open the lock with the various key tools - K-tool - A-tool - Bam-bam tool - Hammer headed pick - Locking pliers and chain - Hockey puck lock breaker - Duck-billed lock breaker Head Protection (HELMET) - Prevents the head from impact and puncture injuries as well as from scalding water Eye Protection - Protects the wearer's eyes from flying solid particles or liquids

Hearing Protection - Limits noise-induced damage to the fire fighter's ears when loud situations cannot be avoided Protective hoods - Provides protection of the fire fighter's neck, ears and face but not covered by healmet or coat from exposure to extreme heat Protective Coats and Trousers - Used to protect the upper and lower extremities against cuts, abrasions, and burn injuries resulting from radiant heat and provide limited protection against corrosive liquids Feet Protection - Protect the feet from burn injuries and puncture wounds (Safety shoes and boots) Hand Protection - Protects the hands from cuts, abrasions, wounds, and burn injuries Must have enough dexterity (handiness) for proper fit to the wearer Personal Alert Safety System - Provides life-safety protection by emitting a loud shriek if the firefighter should collapse or remain motionless for approximately 30 seconds (PAD- Personal Alert Device) Personal Escape Safety Kit/System - Provides life-safety protection for the firefighter for fast, reliable means of egress from a burning multi storey structure Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) - Protects the face and lungs from toxic smoke and gases, and other products of combustion Portable Fire Extinguisher - Is a device within its chemical, fluids, and gases for extinguishing and used for small area of fire Operating the Fire Extinguisher P – Pull the pin A – Aim to the base of fire S – Squeeze the operating lever S – Sway side to side

Fire Safety and Prevention (20%)

Fire Code of the Philippines

Republic Act No. 9514 (Approved by PGMA on December 19, 2008) AN ACT ESTABLISHING A COMPREHENSIVE FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES, REPEALING PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 1185 AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES − "Revised Fire Code of the Philippines of 2008".

Definition of Terms Abatement - Any act that would remove or neutralize a fire hazard. Administrator - Any person who acts as agent of the owner and manages the use of a building for him. Blasting Agent - Any material or mixture consisting of a fuel and oxidizer used to set off explosives. Cellulose Nitrate or Nitro Cellulose - A highly combustible and explosive compound produced by the reaction of nitric acid with a cellulose material. Cellulose Nitrate Plastic (Pyroxylin) - Any plastic substance, materials or compound having cellulose nitrate (nitro cellulose) as base. Combustible, Flammable or Inflammable - Descriptive of materials that are easily set on fire. Combustible Fiber - Any readily ignitable and free burning fiber such as cotton, oakum, rags, waste cloth, waste paper, kapok, hay, straw, Spanish moss, excelsior and other similar materials commonly used in commerce. Combustible Liquid - Any liquid having a flash point at or above 37_C (100_F).

Flash Point - The minimum temperature at which any material gives off vapor in sufficient concentration to form an ignitable mixture with air. Forcing - A process where a piece of metal is heated prior to changing its shape or dimensions. Fulminate - A kind of stable explosive compound which explodes by percussion. Hazardous Operation/ Process - Any act of manufacturing, fabrication, conversion, etc., that uses or produces materials which are likely to cause fires or explosions. Horizontal Exit - Passageway from one building to another or through or around a wall in approximately the same floor level. Hose Box - A box or cabinet where fire hoses, valves and other equipment are stored and arranged for fire fighting. Hose Reel - A cylindrical device turning on an axis around which a fire hose is wound and connected. Hypergolic Fuel - A rocket or liquid propellant which consist of combinations of fuels and oxidizers which ignite spontaneously on contact with each other. Industrial Baking and Drying - The industrial process of subjecting materials to heat for the purpose of removing solvents or moisture from the same, and/or to fuse certain chemical salts to form a uniform glazing the surface of materials being treated. Jumper - A piece of metal or an electrical conductor used to bypass a safety device in an electrical system. Occupancy - The purpose for which a building or portion thereof is used or intended to be used. Occupant - Any person actually occupying and using a building or portions thereof by virtue of a lease contract with the owner or administrator or by permission or sufferance of the latter. Organic Peroxide - A strong oxidizing organic compound which releases oxygen readily. It causes fire when in contact with combustible materials especially under conditions of high temperature. Overloading - The use of one or more electrical appliances or devices which draw or consume electrical current beyond the designed capacity of the existing electrical system. Owner - The person who holds the legal right of possession or title to a building or real property. Oxidizing Material - A material that readily yields oxygen in quantities sufficient to stimulate or support combustion. Pressurized Or Forced Draft Burning Equipment - Type or burner where the fuel is subjected to pressure prior to discharge into the combustion chamber and/or which includes fans or other provisions for the introduction of air at above normal atmosphere pressure into the same combustion chamber. Public Assembly Building - Any building or structure where fifty (50) or more people congregate, gather, or assemble for any purpose. Public Way - Any street, alley or other strip of land unobstructed from the ground to the sky, deeded, dedicated or otherwise permanently appropriated for public use. Pyrophoric - Descriptive of any substance that ignites spontaneously when exposed to air. Refining - A process where impurities and/or deleterious materials are removed from a mixture in order to produce a pure element of compound. It shall also refer to partial distillation and electrolysis. Self-Closing Doors - Automatic closing doors that are designed to confine smoke and heat and delay the spread of fire. Smelting - Melting or fusing of metallic ores or compounds so as to separate impurities from pure metals. Sprinkler System - An integrated network of hydraulically designed piping installed in a building, structure or area with outlets arranged in a systematic pattern which automatically

discharges water when activated by heat or combustion products from a fire. Standpipe System - A system of vertical pipes in a building to which fire hoses can be attached on each floor, including a system by which water is made available to the outlets as needed. Vestibule - A passage hall or antechamber between the outer doors and the interior parts of a house or building. Vertical Shaft - An enclosed vertical space of passage that extends from floor to floor, as well as from the base to the top of the building.

Responsibility for the Enforcement of this Code. a. Issue implementing rules and regulations, and prescribe standards, schedules of fees/fire service charges and administrative penalties therefore as provided in the pertinent provisions of this Code;

2. Reorganize the BFP as may be necessary and appropriate;

3. Support and assist fire volunteers, practitioners and fire volunteer organizations in the country who shall undergo mandatory fire suppression, inspection, rescue, emergency medical services and related emergency response trainings and competency evaluations to be conducted by the BFP. In the case of the Fire practitiones, they shall undergo mandatory continuous professional education and competency evaluation of their expertise, knowledge and skills in the area of fire science, engineering and technology to be conducted by the BFP; The BFP may enter into external party agreements for the conduct of training, education and evaluation of fire volunteers, practitioners and fire volunteer organizations, which shall be under the full control and supervision of the BFP: Provided, however, That during firefighting operations, fire volunteer organizations shall be under the direct operational control of the fire ground commanders of the BFP;

4. Enter into long term agreement, either through public biddings or negotiations in accordance with the provisions of Republic Act No. 9184, otherwise known as the Government Procurement Reform Act of 2003, for the acquisition of fire prevention, fire protection and fire fighting investigation, rescue, paramedics, hazardous material handling equipment, supplies, materials and related technical services necessary for the fire services;

5. Enter into Memoranda of Agreement with other departments, bureaus, agencies, offices and corporations of the government, as well as private institutions, in order to define areas of cooperation and coordination and delineate responsibility on fire prevention education, fire safety, fire prevention, fire suppression and other matters of common concern;

6. Call on the police, other law enforcement agencies, and local government assistance to render necessary assistance in the enforcement of this Code;

7. Designate a fire safety inspector through his/her duly authorized representative, who shall conduct an inspection of every building or structure within his area of responsibility at least once a year and every time the owner, administrator or occupant shall renew his/her business permit or permit to operate; No occupancy permit, business or permit to operate shall be issued without securing a Fire Safety Inspection Certification (FSIC) from the Chief, BFP, or his/her duly authorized representative;

8. Inspect at reasonable time, any building, structure, installation or premises for dangerous or hazardous conditions or materials as set forth in this Code, provided that in

and plastic explosives containing ammonium salt or chlorate; (10) fireworks materials of any kind or form; (11) matches in commercial quantities; (12) hot ashes, live coals and embers; (13) mineral, vegetable or animal oils and other derivatives/by products; (14) combustible waste materials for recycling or resale; (15) explosive dusts and vapors; and (16) agriculture, forest, marine or mineral products which may undergo spontaneous combustion. (17) any other substance with potential to cause harm to persons, property or the environment because of one or more of the following: a) The chemical properties of the substance; b) The physical properties of the substance; c) The biological properties of the substance. Without limiting the definition of hazardous material, all dangerous goods, combustible liquids and chemicals are hazardous materials.

3. Safety Measures for Hazardous Operation/Processes - Fire Safety measures shall be required for the following hazardous operation/processes: (1) welding or soldering; (2) industrial baking and drying; (3) waste disposal; (4) pressurized/forced-draft burning equipment; (5) smelting and forging; (6) motion picture projection using electrical arc lamps; (7) refining, distillation and solvent extraction; and (8) such other operations or processes as may hereafter be prescribed in the Rules and Regulations.

4. Provision on Fire Safety Construction, Protective and Warning System - Owners, occupants or administrator or buildings, structures and their premises or facilities, except such other buildings or structures as may be exempted in the rules and regulations to be promulgated under Section 5 hereof, shall incorporate and provide therein fire safety construction, protective and warning system, and shall develop and implement fire safety programs, to wit: (1) Fire protection features such as sprinkler systems, hose boxes, hose reels or standpipe systems and other fire fighting equipment; (2) Fire Alarm systems; (3) Fire walls to separate adjoining buildings, or warehouses and storage areas from other occupancies in the same building; (4) Provisions for confining the fire at its source such as fire resistive floors and walls extending up to the next floor slab or roof, curtain boards and other fire containing or stopping components; (5) Termination of all exits in an area affording safe passage to a public way or safe dispersal area; (6) Stairway, vertical shafts, horizontal exits and other means of egress sealed from smoke and heat; (7) A fire exit plan for each floor of the building showing the routes from each other room to appropriate exits, displayed prominently on the door of such room; (8) Self-closing fire resistive doors leading to corridors; (9) Fire dampers in centralized airconditioning ducts; (10) Roof vents for use by fire fighters; and (11) Properly marked and lighted exits with provision for emergency lights to adequately

illuminate exit ways in case of power failure.

Section 8. Prohibited Acts. - The following are declared as prohibited act and omission. (a) Obstructing or blocking the exit ways or across to buildings clearly marked for fire safety purposes, such as but not limited to aisles in interior rooms, any part of stairways, hallways, corridors, vestibules, balconies or bridges leading to a stairway or exit of any kind, or tolerating or allowing said violations; (b) Constructing gates, entrances and walkways to buildings components and yards which obstruct the orderly and easy passage of fire fighting vehicles and equipment; (c) Prevention, interference or obstruction of any operation of the Fire Service, or of duly organized and authorized fire brigades; (d) Obstructing designated fire lanes or access to fire hydrants; (e) Overcrowding or admission of persons beyond the authorized capacity in movie houses, theaters, coliseums, auditoriums or other public assembly buildings, except in other assembly areas on the ground floor with open sides or open doors sufficient to provide safe exits; (f) Locking fire exits during period when people are inside the building; (g) Prevention or obstruction of the automatic closure of fire doors or smoke partitions or dampers; (h) Use of fire protective of fire fighting equipment of the fire service other than for fire fighting except in other emergencies where their use are justified; (i) Giving false or malicious fire alarms; (j) Smoking in prohibited areas as may be determined by fire service, or throwing of cigars, cigarettes, burning objects in places which may start or cause fire; (k) Abandoning or leaving a building or structure by the occupant or owner without appropriate safety measures; (l) Removing. destroying, tampering or obliterating any authorized mark, seal, sign or tag posted or required by the fire service for fire safety in any building, structure or processing equipment; and (m) Use of jumpers or tampering with electrical wiring or overloading the electrical system beyond its designated capacity or such other practices that would tend to undermine the fire safety features of the electrical system.

Section 9. Violation, Penalties and Abatement of Fire Hazard. - Fire hazards shall be abated immediately. The Chief, BFP or his/her duly authorized representative, upon the report that a violation of this Code or other pertinent laws, rules and regulations is being committed, shall issue notice/order to comply to the owner, administrator, occupant or other person responsible for the condition of the building or structure, indicating among other things, the period within which compliance shall be effected, which shall be within ten (10) to fifteen (15) days after the receipt of the notice/order, depending on the reasonableness to adequately comply with the same. If, after the lapse of the aforesaid period, the owner, administrator, occupant or other responsible person failed to comply, the Chief, BFP or his/her authorized representative shall put up a sign in front of the building or structure that it is fire hazard. Specifically, the notice shall bear the words "WARNING: THIS BUILDING/STRUCTURE IS A FIRE HAZARD", which shall remain posted until such time that the owner, administrator, occupant or other person responsible for the condition of the building, structure and their premises or facilities abate the same, but such period shall not exceed fifteen (15) days from the lapse of the initial period given in the notice/order to comply. Finally, with the failure of the owner, administrator, occupant or other person responsible for the condition of the building, structure and their premises or facilities to comply within the period specified above, the Chief, BFP may issue order for such abatement. If the owner, administrator or occupant of buildings, structure and their

of the Interior and Local Government the appeal shall not stay the execution of the order of the Chief, BFP. The decision of the Secretary of the Interior and Local Government shall be final and executory.

(b) Punitive - In case of willful failure to correct the deficiency or abate the fire hazard as provided in the preceding subsection, the violator shall, upon conviction, be punished by imprisonment of not less than six (6) months nor more than six (6) years, or by a fine of not more than One hundred thousand (P100,000) pesos or both such fine and imprisonment; Provided, however, that in case of a corporation, firm, partnership or association, the fine and/or imprisonment shall be imposed upon its officials responsible for such violation, and in case the guilty party is an alien, in addition to the penalties herein prescribed, he shall immediately be deported; Provided, finally, that were the violation is attended by injury, loss of life and/or damage to property, the violator shall be proceeded against under the applicable provisions of the Revised Penal Code. Any person who, without authority, maliciously removes the sign that a building or structure is a fire hazard/firetrap placed by the authorized person in this Code shall be liable for imprisonment for thirty (30) days or a fine not exceeding One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000) or both in the discretion of the court. Any person, who disobeys the lawful order of the fire ground commander during a firefighting operation shall be penalized with imprisonment of one (1) day to thirty (30) days and a fine of five thousand pesos (P5,000).

1. Against the public officer/employee a) Administrative - The following acts or omissions shall render the public officer/employee in charge of the enforcement of this Code, its implementing rules and regulation and other pertinent laws, administratively liable, and shall be punished by reprimand, suspension or removal in the discretion of the disciplining authority, depending on the gravity of the offense and without prejudice to the provisions of other applicable laws:

(1) Unjustified failure of the public officer/employee to conduct inspection of buildings or structures at least once a year;

(2) Deliberate failure to put up a sign in front of the building or structure within his/her area of responsibility found to be violating this Code, its implementing rules and regulations and other pertinent laws, that the same is a "FIRE HAZARD" or a "FIRETRAP";

(3) Endorsing to the Chief, BFP or his/her duly authorized representative for the certification, or submitting a report that the building or structure complies with the standards set by this Code, its implementing rules or regulations or other pertinent laws when the same is contrary to fact;

(4) Issuance or renewal of occupancy or business permit without the fire safety inspection certificate issued by the Chief, BFP or his/her duly authorized representative;

(5) Failure to cancel the occupancy or business permit after the owner, administrator, occupant or other person responsible for the condition of the building, structure and other premises failed to comply with the

notice/order for compliance with the standards set by this Code, its implementing rules and regulations and other pertinent laws, within the specified period;

(6) Failure to abate a public nuisance within fifteen (15) days after the owner, administrator, occupant or other responsible person failed to abate the same within the period contained in the notice to abate;

(7) Abusing his/her authority in the performance of his/her duty through acts of corruption and other unethical practices; or

(8) Other willful impropriety or gross negligence in the performance of his/her duty as provided in this act or its implementing rules and regulations.

2. Punitive - In the case of willful violation involving the abovementioned acts or omissions enumerated under Section 11 subparagraph 2(A) the public officer/employees shall, upon conviction, be punished by imprisonment of not less than six (6) months nor more than six (6) years or by a fine of not more than One hundred thousand (P100,000) or both such fine and imprisonment: Provided, That where the violation is attended by injury, loss of life and/or property, the violator shall be proceeded against under the applicable provisions of the Revised Penal Code.

Section 12. Appropriation and Sources of Income. - (a) To support the manpower, infrastructure and equipment needs of the fire service of the BFP, such amount as may be necessary to attain the objectives of the Fire Code shall be appropriated and included in the annual appropriation of the BFP.

(b) To partially provide for the funding of the fire service the following taxes and fees which shall accrue to the General Fund of the National Government, are hereby imposed: (1) Fees to be charged for the issuance of certificates, permits and licenses as provided for in Section 7 (a) hereof; (2) One-tenth of one per centum (0%) of the verified estimated value of buildings or structures to be erected, from the owner thereof, but not to exceed fifty thousand (P50,000) pesos, one half to be paid prior to the issuance of the building permit, and the balance, after final inspection and prior to the issuance of the use and occupancy permit; (3) One-hundredth of one per centum (0%) of the assessed value of buildings or structures annually payable upon payment of the real estate tax, except on structures used as single family dwellings; (4) Two per centum (2%) of all premiums, excluding re-insurance premiums for the sale of fire, earthquake and explosion hazard insurance collected by companies, persons or agents licensed to sell such insurances in the Philippines; (5) Two per centum (2%) of gross sales of companies, persons or agents selling fire fighting equipment, appliances or devices, including hazard detection and warning systems; and (6) Two per centum (2%) of the service fees received from fire, earthquake, and explosion hazard reinsurance surveys and post loss service of insurance adjustment companies doing business in the Philippines directly through agents.

Section 13. Collection of Taxes, Fees and Fines. - All taxes, fees and fines provided in this

50,000) shall be imposed by the Regional Director having jurisdiction. B. Stoppage of Operation/Closure of Buildings This penalty shall be imposed by the Regional Director upon the recommendation of the City/Municipal Fire Marshal having jurisdiction thru channel. The implementation of this order may be delegated to the Provincial/District Fire Marshal having jurisdiction. C. Declaration of Public Nuisance The declaration of a building, structure or facility as a public nuisance pursuant to Section 9 of RA 9514 shall be made by the Chief, BFP upon the recommendation of the City/Municipal Fire Marshal having jurisdiction thru channel.

SECTION 10.2.4 CLASSIFICATION OF HAZARD OF CONTENTS A. The hazard of contents of any building or structure shall be classified as follows:

1. Low Hazard Those of such low combustibility that no self-propagating fire therein can occur and that consequently, the only probable danger requiring the use of emergency exits will be from panic, fumes or smoke or fire from some external source.
2. Moderate Hazard Those which are liable to burn with moderate rapidity or to give off a considerable volume of smoke but from which neither poisonous fumes nor explosions are to be expected in the event of fire.
3. High Hazard Those which are liable to burn with extreme rapidity or from which poisonous gases or explosions are to be expected in the event of fire.

Classification of Occupancy 1. Assembly 2. Educational 3. Health Care 4. Detention & Correctional 5. Residential 6. Mercantile 7. Business 8. Industrial 9. Storage 10. Mixed Occupancies 11. Miscellaneous

Fire Marshals – has descretion on the classifications of buildings 3 or less storeys bldg – heat resistance = 1hr 4 or more storeys bldg – heat resistance = 2hr Means of Egress – a continous and unobstructed path of travel (either horizontal or vertical) from the remotest part of the bldg leading to a public way 3 Distinct Parts of Means of Egress 1. Exit Access – should not be more than 46m; leads to an exit; 61m if w/ sprinklers/emergency lights 2. Exit – separated from all other spaces of bldg/structure by construction/equipment that provides a protected path of travel to the exit discharge 3. Exit Discharge

Drills – inculcating safest & fastest way to evacuate a bldg during emergency situations Exit sign – illuminated Exit door – self-closing Exit discharge – between the termination of an exit and a public way High-rise bldg – 15m and above; 1storey = 3m/4-5m FDAS – Fire Detection & Alarm System Sound Alarm – not less than 85 decibels Strobe Lights – blinkers Dry Standpipe – orifice 1 ½; connect hose from firetruck to connect to sprinklers Wet Standpipe – inlet w/ 4inches orifice; has water; mandatory to bldg w/ occupant load of >/= 1000; 4storey & above; school, hospital, detention & correctional

FIRE EXTINGUISHERS FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF CLASS A HAZARDS

TYPE OF HAZARD

MIN. EXTINGUISHER RATING

MAX. TRAVEL DISTANCE TO EXTINGUISHER (m)

MAX. AREA (OPEN AREA) PER EXTINGUISHER (m 2 )

Low 2-A 15 200

Moderate 3-A 12 100 High 4-A 10 75

FIRE EXTINGUISHERS FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF CLASS B HAZARDS TYPE OF HAZARD

MIN. EXTINGUISHER RATING

MAX. TRAVEL DISTANCE TO EXTINGUISHER (m)

MAX. AREA (OPEN AREA) PER EXTINGUISHER (m 2 )

Low 5-B 10 200

Moderate 10-B 10 100 High 40-B 10 75

Fire Safety Related Codes, NFPA Laws and other BFP

issuances (Building Code, Electrical Code)

Fire Safety Related Codes: 1. Memorandum Circular (MC) No. 2010-017 – Guidelines in the Approval of Alternative And/Or Remedial Fire Safety Measures 2. MC No. 2010-67 – Repeal of MC 2005-143, dated Dec. 15, 2005, and Titled, <Fire