In a three-tier application model, where is the presentation tier located?

The three-tier architecture is the most popular implementation of a multi-tier architecture and consists of a single presentation tier, logic tier, and data tier. The following illustration shows an example of a simple, generic three-tier application.

Architectural pattern for a three-tier application

There are many great online resources where you can learn more about the general three-tier architecture pattern. This whitepaper focuses on a specific implementation pattern for this architecture using Amazon API Gateway and AWS Lambda.

In this article, we will get into detail about the three-tier client-server architecture. The most common type of multi-tier architecture in distributed systems is a three-tier client-server architecture. In this architecture, the entire application is organized into three computing tiers

•  Presentation tier
•  Application tier
•  Data-tier

The major benefit of the three tiers in client-server architecture is that these tiers are developed and maintained independently and this would not impact the other tiers in case of any modification. It allows for better performance and even more scalability in architecture can be made as with the increasing demand, more servers can be added.

A three-tier architecture is a client-server architecture in which the functional process logic, data access, computer data storage and user interface are developed and maintained as independent modules on separate platforms.

Three-tier architecture is a software design pattern and a well-established software architecture.

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Techopedia Explains Three-Tier Architecture

Three-tier architecture allows any one of the three tiers to be upgraded or replaced independently.

The user interface is implemented on any platform such as a desktop PC, smartphone or tablet as a native application, web app, mobile app, voice interface, etc. It uses a standard graphical user interface with different modules running on the application server.

The relational database management system on the database server contains the computer data storage logic.

The middle tiers are usually multitiered.

Since the three are not physical but logical in nature, they may run in different servers both in on-premises based solutions, as well as in software-as-a-service (SaaS).

What's the Main Benefit of a Three-Tier Architecture?

it provides great freedom to development teams who can independently update or replace only specific parts of the application without affecting the product as a whole.

The application can be scaled up and out rather easily by detaching the front-end application from the databases that are selected according to the individual needs of the customer.

New hardware, such as new servers, can also be added at a later time to deal with massive amounts of data or particularly demanding services.

A three-tier-architecture also provides a higher degree of flexibility to enterprises who may want to adopt a new technology as soon as it becomes available.

Critical components of the application can be encapsulated and retained while the whole system keeps evolving organically.

Development cycle or upgrade times are significantly improved ensuring minimal disruption in customer’s experience.

Different teams can work on different sections of the application rather than on the full stack according to their areas of expertise, improving their efficiency and speed.

The Three Tiers in a Three-Tier Architecture

Presentation Tier

Occupies the top level and displays information related to services commonly available on a web browser or web-based application in the form of a graphical user interface (GUI).

It constitutes the front-end layer of the application and the interface with which end-users will interact directly.

This tier is usually built on web development frameworks, such as CSS or JavaScript, and communicates with other tiers by sending results to the browser and other tiers in the network through API calls.

Application Tier

This tier — also called the middle tier, logic tier, business logic or logic tier — is pulled from the presentation tier.

It controls the application’s core functionality by performing detailed processing and is usually coded in programming languages, such as Python, Java, C++, .NET, etc.

Data Tier

Houses database servers where information is stored and retrieved.

Data in this tier is kept independent of application servers or business logic, and is managed and accessed with programs, such as MongoDB, Oracle, MySQL, and Microsoft SQL Server.

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