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Dr. Hepburn thinks that the course of children's development is largely predetermined at birth, whereas Dr. Tracy thinks that how children develop is influenced by children's home lives and educational experience. ANS: A, B, D, E Temper tantrums are a common response to anger and frustration in toddlers. They occur more often when toddlers are tired, hungry, bored, or excessively stimulated. A nap prior to fatigue or a snack if mealtime is delayed will be helpful in alleviated the times when tantrums are most likely to occur. Tantrums may include screaming, kicking, throwing things, biting themselves, or banging their head. Effective management of tantrums includes safely isolating and ignoring the child. The child should learn that nothing is gained by having a temper tantrum. Giving in to the childs demands only increases the behavior. ANS: B, C, E To prevent accidental poisoning, parents should be taught to promptly discard empty poison containers, to know the number of the nearest poison control center, and to caution the child against eating nonedible items, such as plants. Parents should place all potentially toxic agents, including cosmetics, personal care items, cleaning products, pesticides, and medications, in a locked cabinet, not in the garage. Parents should be taught to never remove labels from containers of toxic substances. ANS: A, B, C, D Childhood communicable diseases requiring strict transmission-based precautions (Contact, Airborne, and Droplet Precautions) include diphtheria, chickenpox, measles, mumps, tuberculosis, adenovirus, Haemophilus influenzae type B, mumps, pertussis, plague, streptococcal pharyngitis, and scarlet fever. Strict isolation is not required for parvovirus B19. ANS: A, B, D To promote imaginative play for a 3-year-old child, the nurse should provide: dress-up clothes, dolls and dollhouses, housekeeping toys, play-store toys, telephones, farm animals and equipment, village sets, trains, trucks, cars, planes, hand puppets, and medical kits. A 100-piece jigsaw puzzle and a jump rope would be appropriate for a young, school-age child but not a 3-year-old child. ANS: A, B, E School-age children become fascinated with complex board, card, or computer games that they can play alone, with a best friend, or with a group. They also enjoy sewing, cooking, carpentry, gardening, and creative activities such as painting. Jack-in-the-box and stuffed animals would be appropriate for a toddler or preschool child. ANS: D The apocrine sweat glands, nonfunctional in children, reach secretory capacity during puberty. They secrete a thick substance as a result of emotional stimulation that, when acted on by surface bacteria, becomes highly odoriferous. They are limited in distribution and grow in conjunction with hair follicles in the axillae, genital and anal areas, and other areas. Eccrine sweat glands are present almost everywhere on the skin and become fully functional and respond to emotional and thermal stimulation. Sebaceous glands become extremely active at this time, especially those on the genitals and the flush areas of the body, such as face, neck, shoulders, upper back, and chest. This increased activity is important in the development of acne. New deposits of fatty tissue insulate the body and cause increased sweat production, but this is not the etiology of apocrine sweat gland activity ANS: D Symptoms of anorexia nervosa include lower body temperature, severe weight loss, decreased blood pressure,dry skin, brittle nails, altered metabolic activity, and presence of lanugo hair. Amenorrhea, rather than dysmenorrhea, and cold intolerance are manifestations of anorexia nervosa. Bradycardia, rather than tachycardia, may be present What statement correctly describes the normal pattern of growth in boys and girls during puberty?Which statement correctly describes the normal pattern of growth in boys and girls during puberty, when the two growth patterns are compared? "A pubertal growth spurt at 14 years is normal for a girl, while that at 15½ is normal for a boy."
Which statement accurately describes differences in physical development between boys and girls during middle childhood?Which statement accurately describes the differences between boys and girls relative to changes to physical development that occur in middle childhood? Boys grow stronger than girls after age 11.
Which statement made by a nursing student indicates effective learning about the maturation of systems in a schoolA nurse is learning about the maturation of systems in a school-age child. Which statement made by the nurse indicates effective learning? he heart grows more slowly during the middle childhood years and is smaller in relation to the rest of the body than at any other period of life.
Which statement best describes the pace of height and weight changes during middle childhood?In middle childhood, growth in height and weight occur at a slower pace. Between the ages of 6 and 12, children grow 5 cm per year. Children's weight will almost double during this stage; they gain 3 kg/year.
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