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Terms in this set (8)A patient is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. What clinical characteristics does the nurse expect to see in this patient? (Select all that apply.) A,C,D R:Type I diabetes mellitus is associated with the following characteristics: onset any age, but usually young (<30 y); usually thin at diagnosis, recent weight loss; etiology includes genetic, immunologic, and environmental factors (e.g., virus); often have islet cell antibodies; often have antibodies to insulin even before insulin treatment; little or no endogenous insulin; need exogenous insulin to preserve life; and ketosis prone when insulin absent.
Which factors will cause hypoglycemia in a client with diabetes? Select all that apply. B,C,E R: Hypoglycemia can occur when a client with diabetes is not eating at all and continues to take insulin or oral antidiabetic medications, is not eating sufficient calories to compensate for glucose-lowering medications, or is exercising more than usual. Excessive sleep and aging are not factors in the onset of hypoglycemia. Which of the following is a characteristic of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)? Select all that apply. B,C, E R:DKA is characterized by an elevated BUN and creatinine, rapid onset, and it is more common in type 1 diabetes. Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome (HHNS) is characterized by the absence of urine and serum ketones and a normal arterial pH level. Exercise lowers blood glucose levels.
Which of the following are the physiologic reasons that explain this statement. Select all that apply. a,b,c,e, R:All of the options are benefits of exercise except the effect of decreasing the levels of HDL. Exercise increases the levels of HDL. Which of the following is an age-related change that may affect diabetes? Select all that apply. A,B, and D R: Age-related changes include decreased renal function, taste changes, decreased vision, decreased bowel motility, and decreased proprioception. A patient is brought to the emergency department by the paramedics. The patient is a type 2 diabetic and is experiencing HHS. The nurse should identify what components of HHS? Select all that apply. A) Leukocytosis B) Glycosuria C) Dehydration D) Hypernatremia E) Hyperglycemia B,C,D,E R: In HHS, persistent hyperglycemia causes osmotic diuresis, which results in losses of water and electrolytes. To maintain osmotic equilibrium, water shifts from the intracellular fluid space to the extracellular fluid space. With glycosuria and dehydration, hypernatremia and increased osmolarity occur. Leukocytosis does not take place. ketoacidosis (DKA) is being treated in the emergency department. Which findings support this diagnosis? Select all that apply. 2,3,5 diabetes mellitus about differentiating between hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis. The client demonstrates an understanding of the teaching by stating that a form of glucose should be taken if which symptom or symptoms develop? Select all that apply. 2,3,5 R: Shakiness, palpitations, and lightheadedness are signs/symptoms of hypoglycemia and would indicate the need for food or glucose. Polyuria, blurred vision, and a fruity breath odor are manifestations of hyperglycemia. Sets with similar termsChapter 30: Diabetes Mellitus NUR 30155 terms sophie_witkes Assessment and Management of Patients With Diabete…53 terms
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What are the 3 P's in diabetic ketoacidosis?The three Ps of DKA:
Polydipsia—thirst. Polyuria—urination. Polyphagia—appetite.
Which of the following are symptoms of diabetes select all that apply?Symptoms of diabetes include:. Increased thirst.. Weak, tired feeling.. Blurred vision.. Numbness or tingling in the hands or feet.. Slow-healing sores or cuts.. Unplanned weight loss.. Frequent urination.. Frequent unexplained infections.. |
