Every organization has common functions to deal or run the business with proper and standard manner. An organization consists of many functional areas. This organization has many departments with their independent functional units. Human Resource, Administration and IT units monitors all the departments unlike the others. The functions of these areas are given below in details. Show
Human resources area the main focus is managing people in the organization. The main functions are hiring staffs, analyze the organizational requirements of the organization and help to achieve the goal. They also responsible for attracting employees and assure that they are performing their duties. They clarify and provide schedule for the company. Functions of human resources Recruitment and selection of employees: In here analyze what type of employees need and how many employees need for analyze the institute by comparing with past employment. After selects the employees by taking interviews, ability test and personal test. Employee performance management This evaluation helps to know about the employees’ strength and weakness. According to their performance, HR department provide promotions, increment their salary. Employee services In this function provide services to employees such as bonuses, extend the sick leave, Sick pay, provide catering facilities, health and safety and give entertainment stuffs and etc. Dismissal details Maintain the dismissal information. This means employees details who left from the organization or who want to leave from the organization or who took out from particular job by the institute. Training and development HR department have to analyze what are the training requires for this job or employees and identify what skills required or need to be improved. The training goal should be observable and measurable and give special first aid training. Receives the job vacancies and recruiting. Managing all the legal contract arrangements. Information need for the Human Resource: The details of the employees The feedback of the employees as to whether they are satisfied with the work. Finance and accountsFinance and accounts is very important functional area in any organization likewise this analyzed institute also having this functional area. From this area keeping the records of all the transactions is the main functions carried out by this department. Maintaining of the budget, the bills, profit and loss accounts, EPF, ETF, maintains and provides accounting and finance services of the institute. Functions of Finance and accounts Preparing financial statements Account department prepares interim and annual financial statements. Financial statements help to make decisions. Checking and paying invoices received. Prepare staff salaries and etc. Managing payments Information needs of the Finance and Accounts salary information of the employees the EPF, ETF the economic stability of the organization Interim and annual financial statements Administration and ITIn this functional area whole system is computerized, the administration of the system takes place alongside with IT department. Here maintaining and upgrading the institute systems and processes related to information technology and managing the improving of all the systems and the network with new technologies and makes sure the computer equipment’s, hardware components, software applications are working properly and efficiently. Functions of administration and IT department Computerization Computerization of all activities performed in the Institute such as Finance and Accounts Department, Human resource Department, Exam centers, Administration department, class rooms, etc. Make Operations backup system for critical data and get recovered data. Network and security Information needs of the Administration and IT Access level Organization has different access levels for different users so it keeps access level details Hardware and software equipment New technologies Security levels System information Troubleshooting information Task 02Different types of Information Systems available in the selected Education instituteInformation as resources, this information is using in an organizations for their needs and to be clear what information’s are at the level of single users. It organizes persons, data, process information and IT (Information Technology) that have interaction to assist and develop regular functions in business As well as help the problem-solving and make decision need of management and customers. Information system is a combination of software, hardware, arrangement and trained personal organized to facilitate control, planning, coordination and decision making in an organization. Almost all the businesses require different types of Information Systems for their information’s and data’s. For instance, senior managers would be required an Information to perform their business planning and etc. Different types of information systems in Educational InstituteManagement Information System (MIS) Transaction Processing System (TPS) Decision Support System (DSS) Expert System (ES) Execution Support Systems (ESS) Office Automation System (OAS) Knowledge Work Systems (KWS) The main kinds of information systems in a selected Education institute are described briefly below: Management information system (MIS)Management information system (MIS) is very important for a large scale organization to run the business efficiently and effectively so A Management Information System is a collection of Processing, Storing and managing of data and information to carry out the management functions. it is primarily concerned with internal sources of information. Management is a process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling, material, and other resources to improve its efficiency. In this system facilitates and provides appropriate information to supervisors to manage the company successfully and to make important choices, fix the problems and manage the lender activities. Reviews is provided on day to day functional areas of the lender. It usually produces reviews to provide the upgrades and failing of the lender. These systems are developed specifically to serve the general and predictable management functions. This management information system is more helpful to this Educational institute organization to make product scheduling, inventory reporting, develop customer reports and exception report etc. these things can say output of the management information system. this educational organization competitive advantages this management information system. Office Automation Systems (OAS)Office automation system represents the different computer equipment and software used to electronically create, gather, store, operate, and communicate office details needed for achieving primary tasks. Raw details storage, digital transfer, and the control of digital business details consist of the primary activities of an Office automation system. Workplace automated helps in improving or automating current office procedures. The central source of office automated is a LAN, which allows users to deliver details, mail and even voice across the network. All office functions, including dictation, writing, processing, copying, fax, Telex, microfilm and records control, phone and phone switchboard functions, fall into this category. This system can manage all the institute updates, duties, processes, information transmit and distribution etc. more efficiently and proficiently than previous processes. This system is used mainly for the average office workers. This is where the documents are operated and produced here. With these Information systems the institute could be benefited in several ways, such as Very secured and avoids hackers and pilferers from access the organizations data’s and information It makes control easier with these information system serves as a link between managerial planning and control. It improves the ability of management to evaluate and improve performance. The used computers has increased the data processing and storage capabilities and reduced the cost. It Minimizes information overload that mean change the larger amount of data into summarized form and there by avoids the confusion which may arise. Security, these systems provide highest security for the data and information. It is safeguarded from authorized access. Things are processed and managed more efficiently and accurately. Removed or Deleted institute data’s could be recovered back. Task 03Different information systems solve the business problems in other Educational instituteInformation system is a compulsory component educational institute to run its day to day works efficiently and accurately ahead. Modern organization through on automated details system to process the different efficient areas such as, financial, account, Administration, IT and other educational institute areas sequence control those things. Most of the organization there are verity of need for details, these details help with their organization plan. Computer is generally for performing day to day business activities. Which details techniques are designs to generate correct details and fix company problem. Following discussed different information system available to solve the business problem in the other educational institutes A system is a collection of integrated components which works towards a common goal, as the same an Information System will process the data which is raw facets into meaningful information. A computerized Information System consists of Hardware and software which will help to achieve a common goal of processing the data. Executive Support System (ESS) Executive Support System is used by the senior executives. The executives have decisions which are crucial, for such purposes the information they get has to relevant and accurate and sufficient. An ESS can supply information in a summarized manner and if necessary it can be drilled down to more details. Executives typically deal with overload details and have to be able to distinguish the needless details so that we can create the appropriate choice. If we haven't got enough details, we cannot create appropriate choice. ESS can provide the described details that the executives require and yet given the opportunity to routine down to more details if needed. Executive Support System are capable to connect data from several sources either internal or external to supply the sort of information executives discover helpful. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) An Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system is a computer-based application used to handle internal and external sources, including concrete resources, money, materials, and recruiting. ERP combines management details by handling the circulation of data across an entire company, that pushes an company chooses to impalement ERP solution is usually issues of company procedure. Together with providing the apparent advantages of company procedure automated, improved functional effectiveness and easier availability of information Its purpose is to accomplish the flow of information between all business functions inside the limitations of the educational organization and handle the relationships to outside. Built on a central data source and normally utilizing a common processing foundation, ERP systems negotiate all institution functions into a consistent and enterprise-wide program environment. An Enterprise Resource Planning system can either live on a central hosting server or be allocated across flip software and components models that provide "services" and connect on a LAN. The allocated design allows a business to set up segments from different providers without the need for the position of several duplicates of complicated and costly computers systems in places which will not use their full capacity. Decision support systems Decision support systems (DSS) are those systems build for managers in order to support a given decision making process. Several different DSSs are available to support with a variety of decisions. DSS utilizes information from internal and external resources. Internal resources of information might contain financial information from database. For decision making there is no particular application system developed in the organization, but managers do get support from various applications in order to make effective decisions. These includes, reports generated by the current software application used for time management and pay roll system, spread sheets, bar charts and graphs. With the help of all these tools, the managers take effective decisions. Typically Educational institute head can operate the information utilized in the DSS to support with decisions. These systems help the organization to foster high-quality decisions. Task 04Types of Information Systems suitable for the different Functional AreasInformation system is an integrated system set comprising components for collecting, storing, processing, and communicating information. All the businesses require different types of Information Systems for their information’s. There are several type of information system using organizations according to management and knowledge level, but these systems can be categorized more into small pieces according to the specified function they perform. The below given are some of the information systems according to the functional area it can be used. Human resourcesAs Human Resources are responsible for everything regarding the wellbeing of the people and the company, it maintains aspect of the required the Management and IT efficient device. The primary Techniques used by this efficient unit are Employee management system Office automation system Management information system Finance and accountingAll the finance is handled by this system which records the sales information and generates the outstanding reports. This is managed by the finance and accounting functional unit which is responsible for all the transactions Payroll system Transaction Process system Billing System Income and Expenditure system Debt and credit system Budgeting system Administration and ITThe administration of the system takes place alongside with IT department. Enterprise Resource Planning Knowledge work systems Task 05Suitable information system for selected instituteEvery organization is unique to them, so it is very important to compete the world with essentials. There must be a way of handling and managing the data’s and information of the organization. The information processing methods differ according to the business industries. Likewise I have discussed all the information system above tasks and finally I have selected a suitable information system for this selected educational institute. An organization having different types of functional areas such as research and development, customer services, administration, finance, human resource, ICT, marketing, sales, stock control are some of them. These functional areas are suitable for the different type of information systems to do operation easily. Here, I have justified the reports and the information in it proving that the information systems are producing valid, accurate and useful information for the management decision making process in the organization. Here I have selected a management information system to use this selected educational institute organization. This selected information systems are suitable for some different functional areas in this institute such as Administration and IT Human Resource, Financial and Account, etc. Basically Management Information System (MIT) is a commonly used in many business organizations and it is also known as the general term in computer systems where an organization which provides all the required details, data and information about this educational institute operations. This system is used to refer to the working employee who operates and manages these systems. When it comes to a large business corporation MIS is known as the coordinated, centralized computer system which is an expertly managed using computers. This system often includes mainframes and by that it extends the organizations whole network with computer resources. Management Information System is usually inter-connected with the another type of information system such as Transaction Processing System, because every information, details occur within Management Information System will have to go to the MIS as its last destination for the considerations or decisions of the organization management. Management Information System (MIT) can help us in many ways in the field of education institute. Basically it can help us store student related information which enhance our decision making for taking routine decisions related to students development and progress in the class, and further helps in planning their placement activity better, and also making its mark on under graduates, managing graduates in long run, and much more. Management Information Syste also help in managing our human resources, our experts and overall knowledge management in the organization. There are many other areas in education that could be handled better with the help of Management Information System, like Infrastructure, Research and consultancy work, corporate lessoning, conferences, journals, etc. Management Information System includes a set or collection of components that need to work together towards a common predefined goal. All the above discussed things are accurate, valid and useful information which helps the management to properly manage and overcome problems. By maintaining proper documentation strategies using Information Systems all managerial operations will be easily give out with by the refreshment of management at all time. Task 06Evaluation techniquesEvaluation is systematic determination of merit, worth, and significance of something or someone using criteria against a set of standards. The evaluation is vital for an organization to check before the systems are implemented for the organization. Because evaluation makes sure that the systems are providing the expected and enough information's for the customers. In order to measure the success of the systems, the selected educational institute uses certain evaluation techniques to evaluate their information systems. CompleteInformation should be given in a complete form through which the user can carry out their work or make a decision. For an example if the user requests the information regarding the products which are needed, its quantity and the price, should be generated by the system. If the system generates only the information of the product; its name and number and is not given the quantity needed and the amount to be spent, then the user cannot do his work or buy the products. The fulfillment of information in a complete manner is also considered as a technique used to evaluate the systems. Completeness is the essence of business so the process of automation should be complete. RelevantAn information system must be relevant to its objective and to the problem being found. This is made sure by via requirement analysis. This analysis is performed to understand the requirements and expectations of the user from system. The information systems should relevant to its problem encountered and purpose. The information system has to be relevant to the different function areas of the organization effective and efficient. AccurateAccurate is very important evaluations technique of information system. Basically any organization makes decisions using the information which are generated by the system. Even decisions which bring tremendous twists to the organization are taken in correspondent to this information. If the information produced by the system is incorrect then there are large affects for the organization so An information system must generate accurate results, as the decisions at the operational, tactical and strategic level are all depended on the results generated. The accuracy of the information generated by the systems is used to evaluate the efficiency of the systems. ConfidenceConfidence is one of the qualities of any manager in the organization, all the managerial level should handle and make correct decision with confidence. The outcome made have to be precise and efficient. You should make sure that the outcomes created are right and in a type that is clear and understandable and sufficient to the customer. These features should be considered when developing a system. After that the information system would admire from the customer and encourage confidence in them. TimingThe timing of the information is also a very important aspect. The information system must be able to deliver information whenever it is preferred. The top level managers and the end users require certain reports immediately. Thus, in order to provide this service the system should be fast and efficiently working so timing of the information is an extremely important point. Level of complexity and riskInformation systems are different considerably in their scope, volume, level of complexity, and executive and technical factors. In this technique the system should be easy to use for everyone including the computer literates and the illiterates. Various systems development plans take high level of risk than other projects. User satisfactionEvaluate the efficiency of the system whether it is working satisfactorily and fulfills the users requirements, it should be done by getting the feedback of the end users and the management. This includes the user’s opinion regarding the quality, accuracy, relevance, dependency, speediness and the efficacy of the system. Generally interviews or questionnaires can determine the users' satisfaction and management with system. Communication to the right personCommunication is very important to their growth of the business so various types of information are involved at different levels for educational institute. Thus the information system should provide to all these conflicting requirements in the institure. It should give the end user regular results, which can transfer to the operational managers. It should also be able to provide these details to operational managers, which would provide them with an understanding of the procedure so communication with right person is important evaluated technique. What are the functional areas of business information system?Functional Information System is based on the various business functions such as Production, Marketing, Finance and Personnel etc. These departments or functions are known as functional areas of business. Each functional area requires applications to perform all information processing related to the function.
What business functions are supported by the information system?Information technology provides vital support for integrating internal business processes, cutting across functional lines, and for integrating operations with the firm's business partners, its customers and suppliers.
Which is the example of information systems supporting the functional area?Human Resources Information System
This functional information system supports the functions of human resource management of an organization. The human resource management function, in its narrow sense, it also known as personnel management . The function involves: Manpower planning.
Which type of information system is used to support the functional areas within a firm?The term management information systems (MIS) also designates a specific category of information systems serving management-level functions.
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